Internal combustion engine



G. H. SKINNER. INTERNAL comus'non ENGmE.

Y Y f APPLecmoN msu rs.12. |919. u 1,321,132. Patented 1101111919 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

G.fH.fAsmNNl-:R.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLECATION FILE!) FB.l2,1919.

Patented Nw. 11, 1919.

2 SIlETS-SHEET 2.

l UNITED sTxTEs PATENT OFFICE. f

GEORGEEEBBEBT SKI'NNEB., OF EALING, LONDON, ENG-LAND.

INTERNAL-consumen anemia To all whom t may concern Be it known that I,` GEORGE HERBERT SKINNER, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at 15 Woodvilie road, Ealing, in the county of London, England,

have invented certain new and useful Im V is to provide an improved device of this kind vwhich enables the induction pipe and cylinder to be primed with a suitable liquid fuel prior to the admission of a rich explosive mixture suitable for starting. The improved device is also constructed to enable air only to mix with the mixture supplied'by the ordinary carbureter during the normal runnin of the engine for the pur-l pose of economizing in the consumption of liquid fuel as heretofore proposed in devices of this kind; the independent or supplementary mixture may be supplied at any time duri-ng the runningof the engine to enrich the ordinary running mixture or the improved device may serve as Y an emerl gency carbureter in the case of the ordinary carburetor becoming defective.

According to this invention the improved device is provided with a valve which controls a liquid fuel supply and an air supply which device is formed with a receptacle into which a quantity of liquid fuel can be introduced and from which it is drawn into i the engine cylinders prior to the admission of the air which in entering the device mixes with liquid fuel from the said fuel supply so as to forni the sup lementary or starting mixture. The aforesaid receptacle is mounted on a suitable part ofthe device which part. is formed with openings or ports through which the liquid fuel flows into the receptacle and through which the air is drawn after the fuel in the rece tacle has been drawn into the cylinder. y means of this invention the induction pipe and cylinder are first charged or primed with liquid fuel drawn from the receptacle rior to the admission of air through thea oresaid Speecat'ion of Letters Patent.

pendent supply as aforesaid. It may Appunti inea retruary i2, isis. semi naamw.

air ports and immediately the liquid faei has left the receptacle the air owsthrough the ports and mixes vwith liquid fuel .from the .fuel supply so as to form the rich starting mixture which is supplied to the en` gine cylinder immediately after' the latter has been primed "as aforesaid :so that in this'` manner the starting of the engine is facilitated and` effected almost instantaneously even in the case of an engine which has not been working for a prolonged period. At any time during the running of theengine on the mixture supplied by the ordinarycarbureter the sai valve may be ad- .justed to admit the supplementary mixture should any occasion arise when it is desired to enrich the mixture supplied by the ordinary carburetor andrin some instances, for example, in the .event of the ordinary carbureter or the mai-n fuel supply failing or becomin defective, the engine may be run entire y on the mixture supplied by the improved device, in which case it serves-as an emergency carbureter. Y YThe controlling valve may if desired be adjusted to enable air only to be supplied to the engine induction pipe or passage through the aforesaid -air ports or through an additional air port thus Pmvdi m wxiliryir supply'lifvr' the Purpose 0 economizing in the cansan@ tion of fuel, i Y A.

Vius

The device maybe constructed as a jit-V ment or attachment which may bereadily secured to the engine induction pipe or passage or it may be incorporated in a lcarbureter to provide the supplementary or indereceive the fuel from a main fuel tank or from an independent tank (which may contain petrol when the main tank contains parafn or other similar fuel) and it may be used with ot withouta float chambenior it may receive the fuelffrom the flgat chamber of the ordinary carbureter. i

Y l In order that the inventidn may be clearly understood andy readily carried into e'ect I will describe the same more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings in Figures 1 and 2 are .vertical sectional views taken at right angles to each other iilustrating one form of the invention. Y

Figs. 3 and 4 are similarl to Fig. 2 show- 7, iii the controlling valve Vof theV` device in dierent positions.

Vas

Figs. 5 and 6 sectional view and an end lied form of the invention.

Figs. 7 8 and 9 are fragmentary l views illustrating diil'erent positions of the controlling valve.

Fig. 10 shows one construction of the de vice attached to the {ioat chamber of a carbureter.

A represents the casing of the device which at its upper parts is formed with a lateral extension having an inlet passage B adapted' to be' connected in an suitable appropriate manner to a source o fuel supply, the said passage B being in communication with a central passage C in the casing which passage C may be controlled by an adjustable needle valve D. The lower part of the easing A is formed with a pas; sage E which byV means of holes F opens into an open shallow receptacle Gr secured to the lower part of the casing A. The middle part of the casing as shown 1 and 2 is shaped to receive a tapered valve or plug H having an axial passage I and two radial passages J, K which latter are adapted to register respectively with .the passages C, E in the casing. The casinor A is also formed with an extension adapted to be screwed into the engine induction pipe or the wall of the induction passage and provided with an outlet passage M co-axial with the axial passage l in the valve or plug H. `Tlie said valve H isl pressed against its seating in the case ing by means of a spring N interposed between it and an end cover or nut O and surrounding an extensionv or pin P on the valve H which passes through the end cover O and carries an arm Q which is connected by a suitable rod or link to a handle or the like on the dash board of the car. By movin the said handle, the arm Q, and the va ve H can be angularly displaced to set the valve in any required position. In the case of cars tted with mechanical or other starting contrivance the aforesaid device may be connected thereto so as to operate when the starting contrivance is actuated.

supposing it is gine, the valve H is tion shown in Fig. 2 so that its passages J, K place the passage E of the casing in communication with the inlet passages C and B in the upper part of the casingA. Owing to the passage B being connected to a fuel supply such as an auxiliary tank containing say petrol and disposed at a higher level than the device, petrol will i-low from the tank through the passages B and C and through the passages J, K in the valve into the passage E whence it will flow through the holes F into the receptacle G. The ordinary throttle valve having are respectively a vertical view of a modidesired to startV the enadjusted to the posisectional 4 in Figs.

1,321, isla been closed to cut off the ordinary carbureter and upon the crank shaft being rotated by hand or by a mechanical starter, the suction produced by the moving pistons Will suck into the induction pipe or passage the petrol from the receptacle G through the passage E, thepaesages I and K 1n the valve and the passage M leading into the induction pipe or passage with result that the latter becomes primed with petrol. Ihe continued suction, will, after emptyin the receptacle draw in air through the ho es and the passage E, which air will mix with the supply of petrol flowing from theinlet passages B and C thus forming .a riclijgaseous mixture suitable for starting which being introduced after the priming of the induction pipe and passages intfo the engine cylinders enables a very quick starting to be effected even though the engine be cold. After the engine has started and is properly running the throttle valve may be opened and the ordinary carbui-eter brought into use, at which time the starting device may be cut out by moving tire valve H into the position shown in Fig. l so as to close the passages J, K in the valve and thus cut ofi the supplementary fue] and air supply. It may be desired to maintain the supplementaryy supply until the engine is thoroughlymvvarm and able to run satisfactorily on the mixture supplied by the ordinary carbureter and during the time the engine is running to Warm up, the ordinary carbureter may remain out out by keeping the throttle valve closed or the latter may be opened So that the mixture fromthe carbureter is also supplied. The supplementary or independent mixture from the device may be supplied at any time during the running of the engine to enrich the mixture supplied by the carbureter or in the event of the latter becoming defective or for any other reason and the engine may be kept running entirely on the supplementary or independent supply.

rl`he casing A may be provided with an additional air port R and at any time when the engine is running pro erly on the mix- `ture supplied by the or inary carbureter the valve H may be moved to the position shown in Fig.` 3 in which the passage K registers with the port R and the passage J does not register with the fuel inlet passage C in the casing, so'that additional air is introduced into the engine cylinders, for the purpose of economizing in fuel. In# stead of having an additional air port such as R an additional passage similar to the passage K may be provided in the valve H so that the additional passage in the valve may bc brought to register with the passage E (at which time the passage .l would be closed) enablingwthe additional air to be drawn in through the holes F and the pas# sa E in the casing A.

l'he modification shown in F igs: 5 and 6 is nerally similar to that above described ande similar reference letters are used to "denote corresponding parts; in this case however, a cylindrical or disk type of valve is employed instead vof a tapered plug. F or.

this purpose a disk S of suitable material such as' cork is lixed in the casing to forni a stationary seating against which the disk valve H is pressed byv a spring N the seatinghaving a hole S which registers with' the fuel inletpassage C, a second hole S2 for registering with the outlet passage M and a third hole S which. registers with a port E' leadinglfrom the air passa E'in the lower part of the casin T e disk valve H is formed Awith a ra ial fuel pas.

sage J having a lateral opening J' for registering with the passage C,the passage 'J lleading. into an opening Vaxialport I communicating. with the outlet K' which has an passage` M` and a slot K' which communicates with the passage E through the port E. When the disk valve H is in the position shown in Figs. 5 and 7 the fuel Hows through the inlet passages B and C in the casinthrougli the valve into the paage E Fig. 9, its passage J and slot K' are closed,

this position corresponding to the position of the valve shown in Fig. 4 in connection with the' previous modification. Then it is desired to admit an additional supply of air the disk. valve H is moved to the posi-4 tion shown Ain Fig. 8 in which the port J and passage J are closed and theslot K is still 1n communication with the port E' so that the -additional air is drawn throu h the holes F andthe pipe E, through t e valve into the passage and the induction piyif.l

e invention is particularly useful when parailin or other heavy fuel is employed as the main fuel in which case the inlet pas sage B is connected to'a small tank containing petrol so that a suitable mixture of petrol and air can be introduced into the cylinder for starting the engine, which after starting and when it is runnin properly can bel supplied with the para n mixture. The device is equally suitable when the main fuel is petrol and in such case the inlet passage may be connected to the main tank or to an auxiliary tank and in all cases the device may be used with or without a float chamber.

The use of the device for starting and preliminar running as aforesaid enables a considerab eV saving of 'fuel .to be effected by so adjusting the" ordinary carbureterthat the mixture is correct when the enf gine, carbureter, etc., is'thoroughl warm and is running most economically. the ordinary 'carbureter has to be set so that theI mixture is richv enough to start when coldor if astartis obtained by other means suchaslby pouring in petrol, the engine has to'be run .for quiten considerable time lsually reter or it mayfbe attached to the floatchamber of the carhureter. .exam le of the device Yattached tothoioat, 'cham vr of a carbureter is shown -.rin,E- ig.-;lr0. shown the receptacle .Gfissattachedto the float chamber G'. olf' the carbureter and apipe G2; V leads from-the said chamber tothe passage l? which has ports `lower part as in t 1e startin fromtefloal'.Y tacle G'until-the levels `in theichamber and receptacle are Vthe same. Then' b Irotating the en e ,the :iliq'uid .fuel Aflows previous modifications. :Thuis when the engine sha't andV` producing t eL suction i effect the liquid fuel in the receptacle is drawn thi-ou h the .passage E and a passage H in the va ve H through apipe L to the engine side of the throttle valve which at `this time may be closed as previously ex# plained. VThus the induction pipe and engine cylinder can be primed with liquid fue] and 4after the receptacle has been emptied air is sucked through the ports F and mixes with the fuel sucked through the pipe G2 to form the supplementary mixture. the pipe G assliown, can be controlled by a needle valve D. 4Then desired the valve H can be adjusted by the lever Q to shut oil the supply of fuel and air and it can also' be adjusted to admit air only by moving it to a position in which its assu H registers with:` the airport R so t at air Vis drawn into the pipe L through the branch passage in the valve H.

ll'liat l claim and desire `to secure byLet- -ters Patent of the United States is:-

' 1. Apparatus for starting and supplyn supplemental fuel mixture to an interna combustion engine comprising a receptacle adapted to receive a priming charge of liquid fuel, a fuel inlet or supplying iquid fuel fo said receptacle, a valve in said fuel inlet, an outlet for conducting said -fuel from the receptacle to the engine cylinder, said outlet and said inlet having a portion of each in a common passage,V a control valve for said outlet,' and an air inlet adapted to be sealed by the fuel in said receptacle,

. Passage,

'said tir inlet ada for starting and supplying Asu plemental fuel mixtureor air, to an 1nder,

fuel mixturewhioh is oonductedto the en- A ternal combustion engine comprising a receptacle adapted to receive a primin charge of liquid fuel, a fuel inlet passage or 'supplying a liquid fuel to said receptacle2 a'control needle-valve for said fueLin said pas sage, an outlet passage for conducting the fuel from vthe receptacle to the lenginecylinsaid outlet passage and inlet passage having a portion of each in 'a common passage, an air'inletladapted'to be sealed by the fuel .in said receptacle, said air inlet adapted to admit air to the en ne cylinder when the priming charge is wit drawn from the receptacle, said air inlet also adapted to furnish airto mix with fuel, in said common passage, from the fuel inlet, to form a gine. cylinder through said outlet, a control valve' adapted to close said outlet to the rece'ptacle, and an auxiliary air port controlled 1,sa1,isa

by said outlet valve adapted to furnish air only to the engine cylinder through the outlet assage when the outlet control valve is positioned to close the outlet to the receptacle and is positioned to open the auxiliary port to the outlet.

3. Apparatus for starting 'and supplying supplemental fuel mixture to an l`Internal combustion engine comprising a carbureer, a receptacle adapted to reeelve a riming charge connected sage to the carbureter, so as to receive liquid fuel therefrom, a valve in said fuel inlet,'an outlet passa for conducting said fuel from the reeeptace to the engine cylindert said outlet passage and inlet passage havmg a ortion of each in a commun 1 an air mlet adapted to besealed bye fuel in-said receptacle, said aix-inletadapted to admit air to the charge is withdrawn .from the ,receptacle said air inlet alsoadapted to furnish air tor mix with fuel froxmtlie fuel inlet to form a.

fuel mixture which is eonductedl'oI the en-A by means of an in et pas- 'ne'cylinder-wlxen the primmg ,gine cylinderathroughsaid outlet, and. a oontrol valve' for said outletA adapted to close the outlet to the receptacle.

In testimony 'whereofl adi; my signature. y j

GEORGE' HnnBR'rsKINNER. t 

